حروف الجر Prepositions

Prepositions  حروف الجر

حروف الجر كثيرة و متشابكة، فقد يكون للحرف الواحد أكثر من معنى وذلك حسب موقعه في الجملة. و الطريقة المثلى لتعلم حروف الجر هي التدرب عليها من خلال جمل و ليست كحروف منفصلة. A preposition shows the relation between the subject and the object. There are also prepositions of time andprepositions of place.     تدل حروف الجر على العلاقة بين الفاعل و المفعول به و يوجد أيضاً حروف جر دالة على الزمن و حروف جر دالة على المكان.

Use of Prepositions  استخدام حروف الجر

Prepositions  حروف الجر Use الاستخدام Example مثال on Dayالأيام        On Monday   Day + morning, nightالأيام + الفترة   On Friday morning   Afternoon, evening, dateالتاريخ   My birthday is on June 10.   Special daysأيام خاصة  I will travel on National Day.   To mean above    بمعنى فوق     The tea is on the table.         Prepositions  حروف الجر Use الاستخدام Example مثال in Seasonفصل        The trees grow in spring.   Year سنة   I was born in 1968.   Month شهر   The test is in May.   The morningالصباح  I go to work in the morning.   The eveningالسماء I go home in the evening   To mean above    في الداخل     He is in the mosque.   Prepositions  حروف الجر Use الاستخدام Example مثال at Timeالوقت        I will come back at 2 o’clock.   Festival الأعياد و الاحتفالات   I will meat you at the school festival.   Meal timesأوقات الوجبات   I will talk to my father at lunch.   The weekendنهاية الأسبوع  We will travel at the weekend.   Noon             الظهر We pray at noon everyday.   Nightالليل   We sleep at night.   To mean placeللمكان    He is at the grocer’s.      Prepositions of Placeالدالة على المكان            حروف الجر   Prepositions  حروف الجر Use الاستخدام Example مثال at at an exact placeفي مكان محدد      He lives at number 5,King FahadStreet.   at work في العمل   Ahmed is at work.   at the table على الطاولة   They are standing at the dinner table under بمعنىتحت                The cat is under the table. in front of بمعنى أمام               The teacher is in front of the class. to direction/placeمكان/اتجاه  I go to school everyday.     Prepositions  حروف الجر Use الاستخدام Example مثال in To mean insideبمعنى داخل      Put this book in the box.   In a countryفي بلد   I live in Saudi Arabia.   In a town./street في مدينة/في شارع   I live in Al-Madina.   in bed في الفراش   The baby is in bed.   In a building or area في مبنى أو         منطقة You were in the club last night.   In a chair على الكرسي  Ali is sitting in his chair.     Prepositions  حروف الجر Use الاستخدام Example مثال with بمعنى بـ                I write with a pen. from بمعنى من                I am fromRiyadh. behind بمعنى خلف               The wall is behind the class. between بمعنى بين               Samah is sitting betweenFatma andSalwa.       on TV على شاشة التلفزيون   Ali watches football on TV every Saturday.   Timeالوقت المحدد     He arrives on time.     Prepositions  حروف الجر Example مثال in     في   The medicine is in the bottle. onعلى The knife is on the table. atعند، بالقرب  Someone is at the door. near بالقرب من  Ahmed is sitting near the window. betweenبين  The house is between the school and the mosque. oppositeمقابل  The bank is opposite to the post office. intoداخل، في The electrician is putting his hand into the TV. ontoعلى The water is spilling onto the floor.   Prepositions  حروف الجر Example مثال off     من على   The man is falling off the chair. out ofمن فوق The child is falling out of the window. acrossعبر، خلال  The carpenter cut across the wood. over/aboveفوق، أعلى  The light is over (above) the table. under/belowتحت،أسفل The fire is under (below) the stairs. throughعبر، خلال  The ball is going through the window. amongوسط The teacher is sitting among the students.   Prepositions  حروف الجر Example مثال in     في   The medicine is in the bottle. onعلى The knife is on the table. atعند، بالقرب  Someone is at the door. near بالقرب من  Ahmed is sitting near the window. betweenبين  The house is between the school and the mosque. oppositeمقابل  The bank is opposite to the post office. intoداخل، في The electrician is putting his hand into the TV. ontoعلى The water is spilling onto the floor.     Prepositions  حروف الجر Example مثال round     حول   The car is going round the tree. in front ofأمام The child is sitting in front of the TV. behindخلف،وراء  The headmaster is sitting behind the pupils. on top ofفوق،على  The sweets are on top of the table. at the side ofبجانب The garage is at the side of the house. alongعلى طول  The man is walking along the street. next toبجوار The bank is next to the baker’s.