Modals الأفعال الناقصة

•      Modals    الأفعال الناقصة

الأفعال الناقصة

n                      A modal has only one form of the verb for all persons, but it can have several meanings and time frames, depending on the context in which it is used.   الفعل الناقص له صيغة واحدة مع جميع الأشخاص ولكن له عدة معاني و أشكال زمنية حسب المحتوى الذي تستخدم فيه. n                      Form الصيغة  shall, should, will would, may, might, can, could, must, ought to + (التصريف الأول للفعل) n                      Modals have no infinitives or past participles.  ليس للفعل الناقص مصدر أو تصريف ثالث.                                                                               Modals  الأفعال الناقصة Expresses:  تعبر عن: Example  مثال shall Promise وعد You shall take a reward.   Determination تصميم He does not want to obey me: but he shall.   Threat تهديد You shall be punished if you come late. should Duty الواجب You should obey your teachers.   Advice or opinion النصيحة أو الرأي You should stop smoking. will The simple future tense. صيغة المستقبل البسيط He will visit us tomorrow.   Determination or promise التصميم أو الوعد I will travel when I like. We will do as you wish.   Modals  الأفعال الناقصة Expresses:  تعبر عن: Example  مثال might Possibility الإمكانية I hoped that I might succeed. I thought that the weather might change can, am/is/are able to Ability المقدرة He can do it carefully. He is able to solve the problem. shall be able, will be able Ability in the future المقدرة على المستقبل I shall be able to help you. could Past, present or future possibility الإمكانية في الماضي/ المضارع / المستقبل Fahad could drive his car a year ago. Ali is not in class today. He could be sick. Do not leave now. It could rain now. must Necessity الضرورة You must listen to your teachers. had to The past form of must :past necessity الضرورة في الماضي Faisal could not come to our dinner party. He had to stay home to study.       Modals  الأفعال الناقصة Expresses:  تعبر عن: Example  مثال ought to Advice النصيحة You ought to help the poor. ought to have Actions that were advisable in the past أحداث كان من المستحسن عملها في الماضي You ought to have studied. (You did not. That was a mistake)     Affirmative إثبات Negative نفي Question إثبات Short Answers إجابات مختصرة Affirmative Negative They should eat now. They should not eat now. Should they eat now? Yes, they should. No, they should not. He will leave. He will not leave. Will he leave? Yes, he will. No, he will not. He would succeed. He would not succeed. Would he leave? Yes, he would. No, he would not. I might succeed. I might not succeed. Might I succeed?     I may sleep. I may not sleep. May I sleep?         Affirmative إثبات Negative نفي Question إثبات Short Answers إجابات مختصرة Affirmative Negative I can do it. I can not do it. Can I do it? Yes, you can. No, you can not. He could talk. He could not talk. Could he talk? Yes, he could. No, he could not. We could have a test tomorrow. We could not have a test tomorrow. Could we have a test tomorrow? Yes, you could. No, he could not. You must go now. You must not go now. Must you go now? Yes, I must. No, I must not. You ought to help them. You ought not to help them. Ought you to help them? Yes, I ought to. No, I ought not.